Jīva. (Jainism) Jīva ( Sanskrit: जीव) or Ātman ( / ˈɑːtmən /; Sanskrit: आत्मन्) is a philosophical term used within Jainism to identify the soul. [1] As per Jain cosmology, jīva or soul is the principle of sentience and is one of the tattvas or one of the fundamental substances forming part of the universe. Ātman ( / ˈɑːtmən /; Sanskrit: आत्मन्) is a Sanskrit word for the true or eternal Self or the self-existent essence of each individual, which persists across multiple bodies and lifetimes. The individual soul and Supersoul are compared to two birds which reside in the same tree. One of them (jiva-atma) is eating the fruits of the tree, while the other (param-atma) is just witnessing the activities of his friend. The witness is the Lord, and the fruit-eater is the living entity. The fruit-eater (living entity) which is overcome by Updated on June 29, 2019 The atman is variously translated into English as the eternal self, spirit, essence, soul, or breath. It is the true self as opposed to the ego; that aspect of the self which transmigrates after death or becomes part of Brahman (the force underlying all things). Soul cannot exist without atma whereas atma does not need a soul to exist. Since atma is a miniscule form of mine, it is self illuminating. The miniscule form of mine that exists in your body is called jiva atma. This is so because this gives light only to a particular jiva. My absolute form is called para atma or paramatma. What is a soul? What is the relation between Atma (soul) and Paramatma (Supersoul) ? How to get liberation from material sufferings? atman, (Sanskrit: "self," "breath") one of the most basic concepts in Hinduism, the universal self, identical with the eternal core of the personality that after death either transmigrates to a new life or attains release from the bonds of existence.While in the early Vedas it occurred mostly as a reflexive pronoun meaning "oneself," in the later Upanishads (speculative HoRJiIr.

is soul and atma same